Black pepper, known scientifically as Piper nigrum, is a flowering vine cultivated for its fruit, which is dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Native to South India, it is one of the most commonly used spices worldwide, known for its sharp, pungent flavor and aromatic qualities. Black peppercorns are produced by picking the unripe drupes of the plant and drying them until they turn black. This versatile spice is a staple in various culinary traditions and is also noted for its potential health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.